Wednesday, March 4, 2009
:: Aku mengaku mencintainya ::
Monday, March 2, 2009
:: Adab ::
(copied from al-fikrah.net)
Para Imam Salaf rahimakumullah, ada membincangkan tentang adab-adab ketika menulis/menyebut nama-nama tertentu, adab ini adalah satu perkara yang perlu dititik beratkan, dan tidak sewajarnya di abaikan begitu sahaja. Tulisan ini adalah sebagai peringatan dan panduan buat diri saya dan juga para netters AFN sekelian.
apabila menulis/menyebut:
1- Allah (عز و جل)
apabila menulis nama Allah, selepasnya perlu ditambah dengan perkataan: ( A’zza wa Jal ) atau (Ta’ala ) atau ( Subhanu Wa Ta’ala ) atau ( Tabarak Wa Ta’ala) atau (Jalla Thikruh) atau (Tabarak Asmoh)
2- Nabi (صلى الله عليه و سلم)
apabila menulis nama Nabi,selepasnya perlu ditambah dengan perkataan: صلى الله عليه و سلم. Ini perlulah ditulis dgn penuh tanpa singkatan.
3- para Sahabat (رضي الله عنهم)
sekiranya untuk para Sahabat, selepasnya perlu ditambah dengan perkataan: رضي الله عنه [Radial-Lah-hu-'anh]
4- Para Ulama' ( رحمهم الله)
sekiranya untuk para Ulama', hendaklah diletak selepasnya:
( رحمهم الله) [Rahima-hu-Llah]
** tambahan-tambahan perkataan ini adalah sebagai pengagungan untuk Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala, dan juga merupakan doa [untuk selain Allah Jalla Thikruh], para pembaca apabila membaca nama-nama ini perlulah sebaiknya turut menyebut perkataan-perkataan tambahan ini walaupun ia tidak terdapat pada tulisan [kerana untuk merebut ganjaran pahala dengan menyebut perkataan ini]
selamat beramal!
:: Simbolik ::
Satu tips keselamatan:
Hal ini untuk mengelakkan penjenayah untuk mengenalpasti mangsanya. (Biasalah, perempuan dianggap lebih lemah dan amat sesuai utk menjadi mangsa).
Sekadar langkah berjaga2, selebihnya 'alaina an natawakkala 'alallah..:)
:: Pinjamkan ::
Terjemahan hadith:
Sesungguhnya Rasulullah mengeluarkan (mengarahkan utk keluar) gadis2, dan yang sudah bernikah tetapi belum berpindah ke rumah suami, dan yang remaja (masih kecil tetapi yg sudah boleh dinikahkan), dan yang telah baligh, pada kedua-dua hari raya. Bagi yang sedang haidh hendaklah mengasingkan diri dari musolla tetapi tetap mendengar seruan (khutbah, tadzkirah) dari Muslimin. Maka berkatalah salah seorang perempuan dari mereka: “Wahai Rasulullah, kalau seseorang dari kami tidak mempunyai jilbab -istilah utk pakaian wanita, yang menutup seluruh auratnya-, (bagaimana dia bisa keluar?).” Jawab baginda (selawat dan salam ke atasnya): “Maka hendaklah saudaranya (yg seislam) meminjamkan salah satu jilbabnya kepadanya (yg tidak memiliki jilbab).
(Hadith Riwayat al-Tirmidzi, katanya hadith ini Hasan Sahih, juga diriwayatkan oleh al-Bukhari & Muslim)
Pengajaran:
Terdapat beberapa pengajaran dari hadith ini, tetapi yg ingin ditekankan adalah bahagian akhir hadith tersebut, iaitu: meminjamkan tudung bagi saudara perempuan kita yang tidak memilikinya. Jadi, seandainya kita terlihat sahabat2 muslimah kita yg tidak bertudung, tak usah mengata & ‘cakap belakang’ tentangnya. Hampirinya dan beramah mesra dengannya, sekiranya dikenal pasti dia tidak memiliki tudung utk dipakai, pinjamkanlah kepadanya, atau hadiahkan. :) Hadith ini juga menunjukkan bahawa seseorang muslimah perlu mengambil berat tentang muslimah yg lain dan membantunya dalam mentaati perintah ALLAH. :)
Indahnya Islam!
:: Hartaku Hartaku ::
Terjemahan hadith:
Daripada Abu Hurayrah RA, katanya: Rasulullah (selawat & salam ke atas Baginda) bersabda: “Berkata seorang hamba, {Hartaku! Hartaku!} Sesungguhnya (kebaikan) padanya daripada harta itu cuma tiga perkara; apa yang dimakannya lalu ia habis, atau apa yang dipakainya lalu ia lusuh, atau apa yang diberi (sedekahkan kerana Allah SWT) lalu itulah yg memberinya kebaikan (utk saham akhirat). Apa (harta) yang selebihnya maka ia akan pergi dan tinggalkan harta itu kepada manusia (wasiat, harta pusaka dll).
(Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Zuhdu wa al-Raqa iq, 14/208)
Pengajaran daripada hadith:
Difahami dari zhahir hadith di atas bahawa penggunaan harta yg membawa kepada kebahagiaan dunia akhirat hanyalah harta yg diinfakkan kepada manusia lain, semata2 utk mendapatkan redha ALLAH. Meski harta setinggi jabal Uhud, tanpa infak ke jalanNYA, tiadalah erti di sisi ALLAH, juga tidak langsung menguntungkan bisnes akhirat. Wallahua’lam.
JOM INFAK!
:: Agar buah hati tidak lagi takut hantu ::
Penulis: Ummu Rumman
Muraja’ah: Ust. Aris Munandar
“Ummi, Ahmad pingin ke kamar mandi. Anterin ya Mi…”
Ummu Ahmad (bukan nama sebenarnya) kaget ketika suatu malam Ahmad, anaknya yang sudah berumur 10 tahun tiba-tiba minta diantarkan ke kamar mandi.
“Ahmad anak shalih… kok tumben minta diantar ke kamar mandi? Biasanya berani sendiri.”
“Ahmad takut ketemu hantu Mi…” kata Ahmad dengan wajah ketakutan.
Kisah ini mungkin sangat sering kita jumpai. Tak hanya anak kecil, bahkan banyak orang dewasa yang mengaku takut terhadap hantu. Masih banyaknya budaya dan kepercayaan terhadap hal-hal mistis yang bertentangan dengan syariat, ditambah lagi maraknya cerita maupun film-film misteri di tengah masyarakat semakin memperparah kerusakan dan mengikis keimanan.
Rasa takut anak kepada hantu, bagaimanapun harus mendapat perhatian khusus dari orang tua. Karena bila ketakutan sang anak tetap terpelihara, tak hanya membentuk mental penakut pada diri anak tetapi juga dapat mengurangi kesempurnaan tauhid yang sangat kita harapkan terbentuk pada diri sang anak.
Sekilas tentang Rasa Rakut (Khauf)
Sangat penting bagi orang tua untuk bisa melatih anak mengatur rasa takutnya. Bukan hanya sekedar agar anak menjadi pemberani, tetapi lebih karena rasa takut adalah bagian dari ibadah. Rasa takut adalah bagian dari rukun yang harus ada dalam ibadah, di samping rasa cinta dan harap.
Macam-macam takut
Ulama telah membagi rasa takut menjadi beberapa bagian, yaitu:
1. Takut ibadah atau disebut juga takut sirri (takut terhadap sesuatu yang ghaib).
Takut ibadah dibagi menjadi dua macam:
a. Takut kepada Allah, yaitu takut yang diiringi dengan merendahkan diri, pengagungan, dan ketundukan diri kepada Allah. Takut semacam inilah yang akan mendatangkan ketaqwaan dan ketaatan sepenuhnya kepada Allah. Oleh karena itu, rasa takut seperti ini hanya boleh ditujukan kepada Allah semata karena merupakan salah satu konsekuensi keimanan.
Allah berfirman, yang artinya, “Karena itu janganlah kamu takut kepada mereka, tetapi takutlah kepada-Ku, jika kamu benar-benar orang yang beriman.” (QS. Ali Imran 175)
b. Takut kepada selain Allah, yaitu takut kepada selain Allah dalam hal sesuatu yang ditakuti itu sebenarnya tidak dapat melakukannya dan hanya Allah-lah yang dapat melakukannya. Takut semacam ini banyak terjadi pada berhala, takut pada orang mati, takutnya para penyembah kubur kepada walinya, dll. Rasa takut ini merupakan syirik akbar yang dapat mengeluarkan pelakunya dari keIslaman.
2. Takut yang haram, yaitu takut kepada selain Allah, yang bukan ibadah tetapi menyebabkan ia melakukan keharaman atau meninggalkan kewajiban. Takut semacam ini dapat mengurangi ketauhidan seseorang.
3. Takut thobi’i (normal). Yaitu takut pada hal-hal yang bisa mencelakakan kita (dengan izin dan kekuatan dari Allah). Misalnya, takut pada binatang buas, api, dll. Takut semacam ini wajar ada pada diri manusia dan dibolehkan selama tidak melampaui batas.
4. Takut wahm (khayalan), yaitu takut pada sesuatu yang sebabnya tidak jelas. Misalnya, takut pada hantu. Takut semacam ini tercela.
Seorang anak yang masih dalam fase pertumbuhan dan sedang mengalami masa belajar, ia mempunyai rasa ingin tahu yang besar dan kadang disertai pula daya imajinasi yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, ketika ia mendengar cerita tentang berbagai macam hantu entah dari berbagai media massa, atau dari orang-orang di sekitarnya, hal tersebut bisa menimbulkan rasa takut yang berlebihan. Apalagi bila sang anak pernah mengalami trauma karena ditakut-takuti temannya atau karena pernah mengalami gangguan jin.
Rasa takut kepada hantu atau setan, bisa mengantarkan kepada syirik akbar. Jika sampai membawa pada peribadatan kepada selain Allah. Bentuknya bermacam-macam, ada yang memberi sesajian agar tidak diganggu, membaca berbagai mantera, datang kepada dukun untuk meminta jimat, dan sebagainya.
Pada anak, mungkin tak sampai separah itu. Namun tak jarang kita dapati, karena rasa takut kepada hantu atau semacamnya, anak menjadi takut keluar kamar untuk mengambil wudhu pada pagi hari. Sang anak menjadi menunda-nunda waktu shalat Subuhnya. Ini hanyalah salah satu contoh. Tetapi sekali lagi, hal ini dapat mengurangi kesempurnaan tauhid sang anak.
Ketakutan anak bisa diperparah jika orangtuanya pun tidak paham syariat sehingga demi mengatasi rasa takut anaknya sehingga membawa anak pada kesyirikan. Misalkan menggantungkan jimat pada anak sehingga sang anak terus bergantung pada jimat tersebut hingga ia dewasa.
Cara Mengatasi Rasa Takut Anak kepada Hantu
Bagi orang tua sangat penting mengetahui bagaimanakah cara mengatasi ketakutan anak dengan cara yang sesuai syariat. Antara lain:
1. Tanamkanlah pada anak tauhid dan aqidah yang benar.
Cobalah cari tahu apa yang sebenarnya ditakutkan oleh sang anak pada saat keadaannya tenang. Rangsanglah anak dengan beberapa pertanyaan. “Adik takut hantu ya? Memangnya hantu itu apa sih?”
Jika sang anak menjawab bahwa hantu adalah pocong, genderuwo, nyi loro kidul, kuntilanak, atau semacamnya, jelaskan bahwa hantu-hantu semacam itu tidak ada sama sekali sehingga tidak perlu ditakutkan. Jika yang ditakutkan anak adalah orang mati, maka jelaskanlah bahwa orang mati takkan bisa memberi manfaat maupun bahaya bagi orang yang masih hidup.
Adapun jika sang anak telah mengerti bahwa yang dimaksud orang-orang dengan hantu adalah penjelmaan dari setan atau jin yang hendak mengganggu manusia, maka orangtua haruslah menjelaskan kepada anak bahwa tidak ada kekuatan yang paling kuat kecuali kekuatan Allah. Seluruh makhluk, termasuk jin dan setan di bawah pengaturan Allah. Ajarkan pada anak meskipun seluruh jin dan manusia ingin mencelakakannya, akan tetapi Allah tidak menakdirkannya, maka ia takkan celaka. Begitu pula sebaliknya.
Sungguh indah contoh yang diajarkan Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam ketika beliau menasehati Ibnu Abbas radhiyallahu ‘anhu yang ketika itu masih kecil.Dari Ibnu Abbas radhiyallahu ‘anhu bahwa ia berkata,
“Pada suatu hari saya pernah membonceng di belakang Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam, lalu beliau bersabda, “Wahai anak muda, sesungguhnya akan kuajarkan kepadamu beberapa kalimat. Jagalah Allah, niscaya Ia juga akan menjagamu. Jagalah Allah niscaya engkau akan mendapati-Nya ada di hadapanmu. Apabila engkau meminta sesuatu, mintalah kepada Allah. Jika engkau memohon pertolongan, mohonlah kepada Allah. Ketahuilah, andaikan saja umat seluruhnya berkumpul untuk memberikan manfaat kepadamu, mereka tidak akan bisa memberikan manfaat kepadamu kecuali sesuatu yang telah ditetapkan Allah untukmu. Dan andaikan saja mereka bersatu untuk menimpakan bahaya terhadapmu, mereka tidak akan bisa memberikan bahaya itu terhadapmu kecuali sesuatu yang Allah tetapkan atasmu. Pena telah diangkat dan lembar catatan telah kering.” (HR. Tirmidzi)
Jelaskan pada anak pada hal apakah ia harus takut (yaitu takut kepada Allah), pada hal-hal apakah ia boleh takut tetapi tidak berlebihan dan hal-hal apa yang ia tidak boleh takut sama sekali. Hendaklah orang tua mengenalkan kepada anak-anaknya kepada Allah, nama-nama dan sifat-sifat-Nya. Karena dengan pengenalan kepada Allah, seorang anak akan mengetahui keagungan Allah, keMahaKayaanNya, kekuasaan-Nya. Yang harus orang tua ingat, mengajarkan rasa takut kepada Allah juga harus disertai pengajaran rasa cinta dan harap kepada Allah. Sehingga hal ini menjadikan anak ikhlas dan giat dalam beramal serta tidak mudah putus asa.
2. Ajarkan wirid dan doa yang diajarkan Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam.
Ada banyak wirid dan doa yang bisa diajarkan pada anak. Misalnya, wirid pagi dan sore, doa sehari-hari seperti doa masuk WC, doa singgah di suatu tempat, doa hendak tidur, dll. Pilihlah bacaan wirid dan doa sesuai kapasitas kemampuan anak.
Tak hanya sekedar menghafal, tapi juga pahamkan mereka arti dari doa tersebut sehingga mereka mengamalkan doa-doa tersebut dengan penuh keyakinan akan manfaat doa bagi dirinya. Ajarkan pada anak bahwa doa dan wirid adalah senjata dan perisai bagi kaum mukmin. Karena itu, bila rasa takut menyerang, yang terbaik dilakukan adalah meminta perlindungan dan pertolongan Allah, Rabb seluruh makhluk. Sesekali ingatkan atau tanyakan pada anak arti dari doa tersebut. Sekaligus untuk mengetahui apakah sang anak sudah mengamalkan doa-doa tersebut ataukah belum.
3. Jauhkanlah anak dari hal-hal yang mendatangkan rasa takut kepada hantu.
Misalnya cerita misteri, patung dan lukisan makhluk bernyawa, dll. Cerita misteri atau berbau mistis kadang lebih menarik bagi anak karena imajinasi mereka yang tinggi dan masih belum terkontrol baik. Oleh karena itu, kenalkanlah anak dengan kisah-kisah para Nabi, sahabat-sahabat Rasulullah, maupun kisah shahih lain yang dapat mengajarkan anak keimanan, keberanian dan akhlaq yang baik. Jangan hanya sekedar menyediakannya buku/majalah, meskipun ini juga hal yang penting. Sesekali ceritakanlah langsung dengan lisan anda agar hikmah dan nilai kisah lebih mengena di hati anak. Ini juga akan lebih mendekatkan orang tua dengan sang buah hati.
4. Ajarkan pula pada anak untuk tidak menakut-nakuti temannya meski hanya bermaksud untuk bercanda. Pahamkan pada anak untuk bercanda dengan baik.
5. Bila orang tua ternyata adalah seorang penakut, berusahalah untuk tidak menampakkan hal tersebut di depan sang anak. Sebagaimana kita tidak ingin anak menjadi penakut, maka latihlah diri sendiri untuk tetap tenang dan menghilangkan sifat penakut dari diri kita.
Jika suatu ketika sifat penakut kita diketahui oleh sang anak, tak ada salahnya melibatkan anak dalam usaha menghilangkan sifat penakut kita. “Astagfirullah, tadi Ummi kok menjerit ya pas lampu mati? Menurut adik, Ummi harusnya gimana? Iya adik benar, harusnya tetap tenang dan minta perlindungan sama Allah. Lain kali kalau Ummi menjerit lagi, adik ingatin Ummi ya….” Hal ini juga akan mengajarkan pada anak bagaimana seharusnya ia bersikap ketika ada orang lain atau temannya yang ketakutan. Jangan pula menakut-nakuti anak dengan ancaman yang tak berdasar atau bertentangan dengan syariat. Misalnya, “Jangan main dekat sungai ya! Nanti diculik genderuwo penunggu sungai lho” Hal ini sering tanpa sadar dilakukan oleh para orang tua. Maka wahai para pendidik, bekalilah diri dengan ilmu syar’i dalam mendidik anak-anak kita.
6. Berdoalah untuk kebaikan anak
Hal yang sering luput dari orang tua adalah berdoa untuk anak-anaknya. Padahal doa merupakan salah satu pokok yang harus dipegang teguh orang tua. Doa orang tua bagi kebaikan anaknya adalah salah satu jenis doa yang dijanjikan Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam akan dikabulkan oleh Allah (HR. Baihaqi). Termasuk di antaranya, hendaknya orang tua mendoakan agar anak dilindungi dari gangguan setan.
Dari Ibnu Abbas radhiyallahu ‘anhu bahwa ia berkata, “Adalah Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam memintakan perlindungan untuk Hasan dan Husain dengan mengucapkan,
“Aku memohon perlindungan untukmu berdua dengan kalimat Allah yang sempurna dari setiap setan dan binatang berbisa, dan juga dari setiap mata yang jahat.” Selanjutnya beliau bersabda “Adalah bapak kalian (yaitu Ibrahim) dahulu juga memohonkan perlindungan untuk kedua puteranya, Ismail dan Ishaq, dengan kalimat seperti ini.” (HR. Bukhari)
Inilah sebagian cara yang semoga bisa mengatasi rasa takut anak terhadap hantu. Orang tua hendaknya bersabar dalam membantu anak mengatasi rasa takutnya dengan tetap memprioritaskan pendidikan aqidah dan tauhid pada anak. Semoga kelak anak tumbuh menjadi sosok muslim-muslimah yang beraqidah lurus, beramal shalih dan mempunyai ketawakkalan tinggi kepada Allah. Wallahu Ta’ala a’lam. (Ummu Rumman)
Maraji’:
Bila Anak Anda Takut Hantu, Ummu Khaulah, Majalah As Sunnah Edisi 02/Tahun VIII/1424H/2004M
Mendidik Anak Bersama Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, Muhammad Suwaid, penerbit Pustaka Arafah
Mutiara Faidah Kitab Tauhid Syaikh Muhammad At Tamimi, Abu ‘Isa Abdullah bin Salam, penerbit Divisi Bimbingan Masyarakat LBI Al Atsary Yogyakarta
Syarah Tiga Landasan Utama, Syaikh Abdullah bin Shalih al Fauzan, Pustaka At Tibyan
***
Sunday, March 1, 2009
:: Doktor Islami ::
Bila Kauthar komen kat entri yg sebelum ni, yang kata nak jadi true muslimah doctor, saya mmg sangat menyokong. Doktor adalah antara pekerjaan yg sangat punya banyak peluang utk berdakwah, sebabnya, semua orang pun tahu-setiap hari ada je yang akan ke klinik, hospital etc.. tak kira bangsa dan agama..
Teringat cerita kakak saya yang di'leter' oleh doktor yang merawatnya, katanya kakak saya tak hati2 dalam planning utk dapatkan anak, sampai boleh membahayakan kesihatan. Macam2 kata-kata yg tak enak dilontarkan. Kakak saya pun tadah telinga je dengar.. Dia sendiri tak menduga takdir ALLAH menetapkan macam tu [dapat anak kedua cuma beberapa bulan selepas pantang anak pertama] dan agak terkejut pada mulanya. Ditambah dgn kata2 yg amat tidak membantu oleh doktor itu, sungguh menambah sedih di hati.
Alangkah indah seandainya doktor itu memberi kata2 nasihat & perangsang sebagai seorang doktor muslim/ muslimah. Bukankah anak itu rezeki dari ALLAH? Seandainya ALLAH telah mengurniakan, tanda kita mampu menanggungnya, kerana ALLAH tidak sekali2 membebankan hamba-NYA dengan sesuatu yang tidak mampu ditanggung.. Betapa ramai manusia yg menanti kelahiran cahaya mata, sampaikah hati kita utk menolak rezeki yg sgt ditunggu oleh sekalian ramai manusia...? Sungguhpun kita merasa sakit, kita tetap punya ALLAH, jika kita meminta dengan sesungguhnya, bukankah ALLAH itu Maha Berkuasa untuk menetapkan apapun...?? Ma sha Allahu kaana, ma lam yasha' lam yakun...
Doktor bukan sahaja merawat badan, tetapi juga merawat jiwa...
Wednesday, February 25, 2009
:: Yang diajar ::
كراهة السآمة علينا
(Sahih Bukhari, Hadith no: 66, Bab Ma Kaana An Nabiy Sollallahu 'alaihi Wasallam, 1/121)
عن أبي وائل قال كان عبد اللهيذكر الناس في كل خميس فقال له رجل يا أبا عبد الرحمن لوددت أنك ذكرتنا كل يوم قال أما إنه يمنعني من ذلك أني أكره أن أملكم وإني أتخولكم بالموعظة كما كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يتخولنا بها مخافة السآمة علينا
(Sahih Bukhari, Hadith no: 68, Bab Man Ja'ala li Ahlil 'Ilmiy Ayyaaman Ma'luuman, 1/124)
Terjemahan hadith 1:
Daripada Ibn Mas'ud r.a katanya, Rasulullah (selawat dan salam ke atas Baginda) mengambil berat tentang kami dan telah menyediakan hari-hari yang tertentu untuk memberi peringatan & tadzkirah kepada kami, kerana takut kami berasa bosan (seandainya dilakukan setiap hari).
Terjemahan hadith 2:
Daripada Abi Waa'il katanya, Abdullah (ibn mas'ud) memberi tadzkirah/peringatan kepada orang ramai pada setiap hari khamis (sahaja), maka berkatalah seorang lelaki: "Wahai Abu Abd Rahman (Ibn Mas'ud), aku suka sekiranya kamu memberi kami peringatan pada setiap hari." (Kata Ibn Mas'ud), "Sesungguhnya apa yg menghalang aku daripada berbuat perkara itu (memberi peringatan setiap hari) adalah aku tidak suka untuk membuat kamu berasa bosan (oleh itu) aku memilih hari tertentu sahaja utk memberi peringatan, sebagaimana Rasulullah (selawat dan salam ke atas Baginda) memilih hari tertentu utk kami, (kerana) takut kami berasa bosan."
Pengajaran daripada dua hadith di atas:
1) Antara cara Rasulullah mentarbiyah sahabat, dengan tidak memberi peringatan (mengulang sesuatu -hal agama- yang sudah sedia diketahui) setiap hari kepada mereka kerana Baginda (selawat dan salam ke atas Baginda) amat memahami bahawa antara fitrah manusia adalah cepat bosan apabila sering diberi peringatan. Yang disampaikan oleh Rasulullah setiap hari adalah ilmu, iaitu sesuatu yg tidak diketahui sebelum ini.
2) Betapa sahabat amat syadid dalam mengikut sunnah & perbuatan Rasulullah (selawat dan salam ke atas Baginda).
3) Memberi peringatan itu tetap perlu, meski bukan setiap hari.
Kita sebagai ummat Muhammad (selawat dan salam ke atas Baginda), marilah mencontohi apa yang telah diajarkan kepada kita. Confirmed selamat dunia akhirat. :)
:: Coherence in the Quran (2) ::
An eloquent speech contains several components: 1) the central theme, 2) the preface, 3) the context, and 4) the conclusion. The Quran is undoubtedly the most eloquent speech. All of its surahs contain the above -mentioned four components.
Application of Nazm al-Quran in the interpretation of a surah requires the mufassir to identify these four elements through deliberation over each and single statement of the surah, on the one hand, and establish link among them, on the other.
The deliberation (tadabbur) needs to be done over and over again. Merely once or twice it may not do. As it appears from the term, Nazm al Quran is a theory advocating the fact that all the verses of a surah as well as the surahs of the Quran are closely connected to one another. The statements of the Quran, which, at times, appears to be incoherent as a matter of fact fully coherent. Nazm al-Quran may be defined as a theory confirming the existence of coherence in the Quran.
From Prof Israr Ahmad Khan's research paper.
To be continued...
:: Coherence in the Quran ::
Hundreds of tafsir works have been produced by Muslims scholars with a view to make the message of the Quran accessible to the mankind. These works represent various trends, different approaches, diverse methodologies, multifarious objectives, and numerous schools of thought. Consequently, different, and at times, mutually conflicting interpretations of the words of Allah has caused Muslims to feel confused and dejected.
Interestingly, scholars who have applied one and the same methodology to unfold the truth of the divine speech have also miserably failed to maintain the unity of the message of the Quran, and come up with uncompromisingly contradictory interpretations. This situation serves as an obvious indicator that there is something wrong in the methodology of the interpretation of the Quran.
In the twentieth century some Muslims scholars such as al-Farahi and Islahi proposed and also practically demonstrated a new methodology of tafsir known as Nazm al-Quran. To them, it is not merely an excellent miraculous feature of the Quran but also a methodology. Application of this methodology in the Quranic tafsir leads to the unity of message in the Quran. This methodology may enable the commentators of the Quran to develop various meanings of verses but there is no possibility of conflict among scholars while interpreting the Quran in terms of ideas.
To be continued..
Tuesday, February 24, 2009
:: Ud'uuni astajib lakum ::
Doa yang ALLAH ajar ada banyak dalam alquran & hadith-hadith. Bukanlah bermaksud kita tak boleh untuk berdoa selain yang ALLAH ajar. Kadang-kadang manusia ada macam-macam hajat. Cuma, bila saya fikir-fikir balik, rasanya doa yang tsabit dari alQuran & Sunnah tu dah merangkumi semuanya. Doa minta keampunan, kemudahan dalam urusan, hindari kezaliman, hilangkan kesedihan & ketakutan, mohon kesabaran, kebahagiaan ibubapa, dapat zuriat, mati dalam iman, dan banyak lagilah. Semua ada. Silap kita sendiri kerana tidak mencari.
Jom, kita sama-sama praktik doa-doa yang ALLAH ajar pada kita. ;) Di bawah ini saya senaraikan antara doa yg terdapat dalam alquran. (Rasanya ada banyak lagi yang saya terlepas pandang & tak tahu.) Cek sendiri terjemahannya dan berdoalah mengikut keadaan atau hajat yg diingini.
SUBHAANALLAH, BANYAKNYA SENJATA KITA!
p.s.: untuk lihat doa2 yang terdapat dalam hadith, boleh rujuk buku hisnul muslim. Ada banyak doa beserta sumbernya. Klik sini utk dapatkannya.
رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ (البقرة: 127)
رَبَّنَا وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمَيْنِ لَكَ وَمِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِنَا أُمَّةً مُسْلِمَةً لَكَ وَأَرِنَا مَنَاسِكَنَا وَتُبْ عَلَيْنَا إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ (البقرة: 128)
رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ (البقرة: 201)
رَبَّنَا أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًا وَثَبِّتْ أَقْدَامَنَا وَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَافِرِينَ (البقرة: 250)
رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِنْ نَسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَا إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ وَاعْفُ عَنَّا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَا أَنْتَ مَوْلَانَا فَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَافِرِينَ (البقرة: 286)
رَبَّنَا لَا تُزِغْ قُلُوبَنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا وَهَبْ لَنَا مِنْ لَدُنْكَ رَحْمَةً إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُ (آل عمران: 8)
رَبَّنَا إِنَّنَا آمَنَّا فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ (آل عمران: 16)
رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا بِمَا أَنْزَلْتَ وَاتَّبَعْنَا الرَّسُولَ فَاكْتُبْنَا مَعَ الشَّاهِدِينَ (آل عمران: 53)
رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا وَإِسْرَافَنَا فِي أَمْرِنَا وَثَبِّتْ أَقْدَامَنَا وَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَافِرِينَ (آل عمران: 147)
رَبَّنَا مَا خَلَقْتَ هَذَا بَاطِلًا سُبْحَانَكَ فَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ (آل عمران: 191)
رَبَّنَا إِنَّنَا سَمِعْنَا مُنَادِيًا يُنَادِي لِلْإِيمَانِ أَنْ آمِنُوا بِرَبِّكُمْ فَآمَنَّا رَبَّنَا فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا وَكَفِّرْ عَنَّا سَيِّئَاتِنَا وَتَوَفَّنَا مَعَ الْأَبْرَارِ (آل عمران: 193)
رَبَّنَا وَآتِنَا مَا وَعَدْتَنَا عَلَى رُسُلِكَ وَلَا تُخْزِنَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّكَ لَا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعَادَ (آل عمران: 194)
رَبَّنَا أَخْرِجْنَا مِنْ هَذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ الظَّالِمِ أَهْلُهَا وَاجْعَلْ لَنَا مِنْ لَدُنْكَ وَلِيًّا وَاجْعَلْ لَنَا مِنْ لَدُنْكَ نَصِيرًا (النساء: 75)
رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا فَاكْتُبْنَا مَعَ الشَّاهِدِينَ (المائدة:83)
رَبَّنَا ظَلَمْنَا أَنْفُسَنَا وَإِنْ لَمْ تَغْفِرْ لَنَا وَتَرْحَمْنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ (الأعراف:23)
رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ (الأعراف: 47)
رَبَّنَا افْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ قَوْمِنَا بِالْحَقِّ وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْفَاتِحِينَ (الأعراف: 89)
رَبَّنَا أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًا وَتَوَفَّنَا مُسْلِمِينَ (الأعراف:126)
رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا فِتْنَةً لِلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ * وَنَجِّنَا بِرَحْمَتِكَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الْكَافِرِينَ (يونس: 85-86)
رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيَّ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَوْمَ يَقُومُ الْحِسَابُ (إبراهيم:41)
رَبَّنَا آتِنَا مِنْ لَدُنْكَ رَحْمَةً وَهَيِّئْ لَنَا مِنْ أَمْرِنَا رَشَدًا (الكهف: 10)
رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَا وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الرَّاحِمِينَ (المؤمنون: 109)
رَبَّنَا اصْرِفْ عَنَّا عَذَابَ جَهَنَّمَ إِنَّ عَذَابَهَا كَانَ غَرَامًا (الفرقان: 65)
رَبَّنَا هَبْ لَنَا مِنْ أَزْوَاجِنَا وَذُرِّيَّاتِنَا قُرَّةَ أَعْيُنٍ وَاجْعَلْنَا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ إِمَامًا (الفرقان: 74)
رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالْإِيمَانِ وَلَا تَجْعَلْ فِي قُلُوبِنَا غِلًّا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ رَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ (الحشر: 10)
رَبَّنَا عَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْنَا وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ (الممتحنة: 4)
رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ (الممتحنة: 5)
رَبَّنَا أَتْمِمْ لَنَا نُورَنَا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا إِنَّكَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ (التحريم: 8)
Saturday, February 21, 2009
:: Think in English or Arabic ::
Bab language tu memang susah la. Sir suruh jawab guna english 'level' sir. Susah tu... Apapun, sir ada bagi petua untuk kuasai sesuatu bahasa dengan cepat. Satu hari cuma perlu 10-15minit sebelum tidur, atau bila-bila. Caranya mudah sangat: Think in that particular language. Kalau bahasa Arab, fikir dalam bahasa Arab, dan seterusnya...
So, sebelum tidur, sebelum baca doa, cuba cerita balik apa yang kita lalui sepanjang hari tu dalam bahasa inggeris atau arab atau apa2 bahasa yang kita nak kuasai. Sebut kat mulut atau dalam hati. It really helps. terutamanya untuk kenal pasti vocabulary yang kita tak ada. :) Selamat mencuba!
:: Buat Isteri seorang pejuang ::
Jelmaanmu merentas bongkah sendu
Mengorban naluri merungkai pilu
Mengharungi gurun tanpa bayu
Isteriku
Kehadhiranmu adalah mustika
Mengerlip cahaya sakinah
Laksana bintang membentuk arah burujnya
Isteriku
Saban waktu , dirimu abdi di gobokku
Senyum manismu menenang jiwaku
Kerlinganmu mengorak senyumku
Kesetiaanmu menyejuk mataku
Isteriku
Ketika kesejukan mataku
Memandang wajahmu duhai isteriku
Memori ini mengimbau zaman remajaku
Dikala kuhamparkan tangan ke awan biru
Merintih harap isteri yang solehah
Penyejuk mata dan penyeri rumahtangga
Isteriku
Di senjakala, ku menongkat resah
Dirimu tersangkar dalam kemiskinanku
Dirimu tak punya manikam permata untuk kukalungkan
Tiada nota ringgit untuk kuunjukkan
Tiada lambang kemewahan untukku hamparkan
Dirimu hanya ku langir debu
Ku balutkan jubah
Ku hilangkan dahagamu secangkir Cuma
Ku hambat bosanmu seketika sahaja
Isteriku
Di hening subuh ku merenung sayu
Dirimu kesepian dalam kesibukkanku
Hari - hari berlabuh kita berasingan
Kesedihanmu, sementara diriku di medan
Kesakitanmu pun tiada aku disisi
Rumahku, dirimulah penanti setia
Sementara bagiku, ia hanyalah dangau persinggahan
Isteriku
Dirimu masih setia dalam sangkar yang sepi
Demi nilai cinta dan ketaatanmu
Isteriku
Dongaklah wajahmu ke atas
Hulurlah tanganmu ke hadapan
Tabahlah duhai isteriku
Tidakkan ku sia siakan hidupmu
Kan ku hidangkan ilmu buatmu
Kan ku bawamu ke alam perjuangan
Kan ku hantarkan ke perlembahan hidayah
Isteriku
Bajailah cinta kita
Tenggelamkanlah kemelut rasamu
Isteriku
Diriku tetap setia disampingmu
Sungguhpun kita jarang bertemu
Sayang isteriku
sayang isteriku
nukilanUstaz Nasarudin Tantawi
p.s. sayu sangat baca lirik ni. walaupun belum ditujukan utk saya, tapi tetap terasa di hati. :'(
Wednesday, February 11, 2009
:: Misleading Images ::
Why do you think some people go to university and devote themselves to study sociology? Most people might have the perception that when you learn sociology, it indicates that you are truly concern to help the society, offering humanitarian services to them, as well as being benevolent. But, what many people will never think of it is that in the real life, some are studying sociology as a tool to equip themselves with countless information about society, so that they can plan a better criminal steps, or briefly, being malevolent.
In sum, Peter L. Berger mentioned this situation in one remarkable sentence: ‘working with people’ can mean getting them out of slums or getting them into jail, selling them propaganda or robbing them of their money, making them produce better automobiles or making them better bombing pilots.
That is one of the misleading images of Sociology, starting almost a hundred years ago up to recent era. Another misleading image portrayed is, sociologists never attempt to understand the society, and instead they tend to practice more. This is what people say, but the truth is vice-versa. Sociologists are not social reformers which intend to change to whole society institution; indeed they strive to an uphill battle sequentially to understand the society better.
There’s another misleading perception which -for me- is quite interesting and appealing. It’s about a deceptive image toward sociology of more recent date and more recent development in discipline. It sounds a bit like this: sociologist is a gatherer of statistics about human behaviors. Yes, it is true that many sociologists use statistics in developing theories and to understand what’s actually happening. However, it is to be born in mind that statistics or numbers alone are not sociology. Numbers become a part of sociology only when they are interpreted sociologically. It can be explained using this example:
Today, in IIUM Gombak, the percentage of male students is only 35% whereas female students have reached 65% in quantity. Had this percentage is left with no interpretation from sociological views, it will remain as numbers and insignificant. However, to make it a part of sociology and possessing a bigger meaning, the above percentage has to be interpreted this way:
1. Now women got more chances to study even to a higher level education institution, compared to our ancestors’ time.
2. Women are predicted to get married late. Pursuing studies seems to become the prioritized event in life.
3. Late marriage means children will ‘come’ later.
4. Women with degree/master degree tend to involve in career world, living the housewife title behind, which usually will force them to not to have much children.
[Back then, for Malay women, when they are asked about the quantity of the children, and the answer is 6, people will react by saying, “only six???!!!” but nowadays, when the answer is 6, people are more likely to say, “Six???!!! How do you take care all of them simultaneously??” It normally happens in urban lives.]
5. Smaller amount of children will lead to the decreasing population of society.
Now 35:65 becomes more noteworthy and essential. :)
:: Saya paling takut... ::
Saya pernah terfikir jawapannya,
…Takut kehilangan mereka yg saya sayang…
…Takut ALLAH uji dengan perkara yg tidak mampu saya tanggung…
…Takut tak dapat A…
…Takut dibanjiri fitnah…
…Takut mati…
…Takut…
...Takut…
…Takut…
Macam2…. Tapi dalam kelas Tafsir Madhu’i (thematic exegesis) petang tadi, ada satu ayat Ustaz Layeth Su’ud yg sangat menyentuh jiwa saya. Juga pada saya. ayat itu yang sepatutnya menjadi jawapan kepada persoalan di atas. Saya, kamu, dia, mereka, kita & semua hamba ALLAH seharusnya memberi jawapan:
“SAYA PALING TAKUT ALLAH TIDAK MENCINTAI SAYA…”
(T_T)
Thursday, February 5, 2009
:: Macam mana ::
My love may not be perfect, but it's true.. picture by barca
Wednesday, February 4, 2009
:: Vocab (3) ::
Ihsan :)
Tuesday, February 3, 2009
:: What should be taught (1) ::
What is Taught: The first mention of man in flight was by Roger Bacon, who drew a flying apparatus. Leonardo da Vinci also conceived of airborne transport and drew several prototypes.
What Should be Taught: Ibn Firnas of Islamic Spain invented, constructed and tested a flying machine in the 800's A.D. Roger Bacon learned of flying machines from Arabic references to Ibn Firnas' machine. The latter's invention antedates Bacon by 500 years and Da Vinci by some 700 years.
What is Taught: Glass mirrors were first produced in 1291 in Venice.
What Should be Taught: Glass mirrors were in use in Islamic Spain as early as the 11th century. The Venetians learned of the art of fine glass production from Syrian artisans during the 9th and 10th centuries.
What is Taught: Until the 14th century, the only type of clock available was the water clock. In 1335, a large mechanical clock was erected in Milan, Italy. This was possibly the first weight-driven clock.
What Should be Taught: A variety of mechanical clocks were produced by Spanish Muslim engineers, both large and small, and this knowledge was transmitted to Europe through Latin translations of Islamic books on mechanics. These clocks were weight-driven. Designs and illustrations of epi-cyclic and segmental gears were provided. One such clock included a mercury escapement. The latter type was directly copied by Europeans during the 15th century. In addition, during the 9th century, Ibn Firnas of Islamic Spain, according to Will Durant, invented a watch-like device which kept accurate time. The Muslims also constructed a variety of highly accurate astronomical clocks for use in their observatories.
What is Taught: In the 17th century, the pendulum was developed by Galileo during his teenage years. He noticed a chandelier swaying as it was being blown by the wind. As a result, he went home and invented the pendulum.
What Should be Taught: The pendulum was discovered by Ibn Yunus al-Masri during the 10th century, who was the first to study and document its oscillatory motion. Its value for use in clocks was introduced by Muslim physicists during the 15th century.
What is Taught: Movable type and the printing press was invented in the West by Johannes Gutenberg of Germany during the 15th century.
What Should be Taught: In 1454, Gutenberg developed the most sophisticated printing press of the Middle Ages. However, movable brass type was in use in Islamic Spain 100 years prior, and that is where the West's first printing devices were made.
What is Taught: Isaac Newton's 17th century study of lenses, light and prisms forms the foundation of the modern science of optics.
What Should be Taught: In the 1lth century al-Haytham determined virtually everything that Newton advanced regarding optics centuries prior and is regarded by numerous authorities as the "founder of optics. " There is little doubt that Newton was influenced by him. Al-Haytham was the most quoted physicist of the Middle Ages. His works were utilized and quoted by a greater number of European scholars during the 16th and 17th centuries than those of Newton and Galileo combined.
What is Taught: Isaac Newton, during the 17th century, discovered that white light consists of various rays of colored light.
What Should be Taught: This discovery was made in its entirety by al-Haytham (1lth century) and Kamal ad-Din (14th century). Newton did make original discoveries, but this was not one of them.
What is Taught: The concept of the finite nature of matter was first introduced by Antione Lavoisier during the 18th century. He discovered that, although matter may change its form or shape, its mass always remains the same. Thus, for instance, if water is heated to steam, if salt is dissolved in water or if a piece of wood is burned to ashes, the total mass remains unchanged.
What Should be Taught: The principles of this discovery were elaborated centuries before by Islamic Persia's great scholar, al-Biruni (d. 1050). Lavoisier was a disciple of the Muslim chemists and physicists and referred to their books frequently.
:: Vocab (2) ::
Synonyms: Stirring up
Sentence: If I ever feel weak you would come to me, riding my weakness and stoking my spirit.
Note: It sounds a bit similar to a kelantanese word, stokeng which means socks. Hihi…
Sunday, February 1, 2009
:: Jawapan 2 ::
Surah almujaadalah.
Sila buka sendiri surah tersebut untuk melihat kesahihannya. :)
:: Vocab (1) ::
Comeliness: The quality of being good looking and attractive.
Its synonyms: beauteousness, gorgeousness, loveliness
Note: It’s not from the word ‘comel’ in Malay though the meaning is almost similar. :) Pronoun ‘come’ as the word come which means ‘datang’.
Sentence: My comeliness decreases as my age increases… ;p
:: Equality vs Equity ::
Karl Marx is one of the theorists which join the camp of conflict theory. He is also the initiator of communism theory (A political theory favoring collectivism in a classless society). He lived in poor, and died in poor, within a capitalist society. He did not even get the opportunity to see how his theory of communism is being applied as well as how it crumbles day by day. For him, economy affects everything in life. It plays a vital role in decision-making, family institutions, country, personal problems and lots more. He even stated that “if you change the economy, the whole social institution will change”. See how economy is considered as everything for him? Here are some examples to support his theory:
1. When a woman is choosing a life-partner, she will pick a business tycoon rather than a taxi driver.
2. When you are being given options of jobs, between a lecturer, cleaner, financial executive, etc, you’ll probably select the job with the highest rate of wage.
3. When you are to choose between sweeping the path and making business, you will undoubtedly choose the second one.
It’s all about money, and it proves that economy really affects your life.
However there are flaws in this theory. Max Weber, who came after him, did correct some elements in his ideology. Karl Marx forgotten that despite of economy, there are many other things which affects someone’s decision-making, such as religion, power, love, and more. Examples:
1. Teaching is the noblest job but the least salary does it gain. However there are still numerous people who choose to be a teacher, regardless of his/her ability to get other jobs in other fields. Why? More often than not, the reason is love as well as family. Some love teaching so much & some had to become one since for him/her; teacher will have more time to be spent at home compared to other careers.
2. Rearing pigs are easier than to rear cows. However, if a Muslim were given chance to choose between these two occupations, he’ll kindly decline the pig-rearing. The reason here is not economy, indeed it is Islam (religion).
So that’s the preface of Karl Marx theory. Actually the point that I want to stress much from his theory is about his goal behind it; a classless society & equality.
Equality sounds to be like a very nice and prominent value in life. However, in most situations, equality is less important than equity. Equality means: The quality of being the same in quantity or measure or value or status, whereas equity means: to go for the need. Exercising equality can sometimes lead to atrocious impacts. For example:
1. There are 4 siblings. Their parents spend lots of money to send them to a medical school even though the last one hate it and is more into architecture. There’s equality (giving the same amount to all parties) here but rarely does it brings good aftermath.
2. Once in a month, each person in the society is given RM500 from the government, regardless of the status. Yes, there’s equality here but no equity. How bad it will be. Money reaches even to the hands of those who are not in need of them.
3. In one class, there are 20 female and 3 male. One day, the lecturer assigned his students to complete a task, which is to write summaries of books. 47 books were given to the female group as well as to the male group. That’s equality, but real far from fairness.
That are some of the example to show how equality cannot be considered as synonym to justice and fairness.
Got to go… I’ll write more on equality-equity in my next Malay entry. Insha ALLAH…
Saturday, January 24, 2009
:: Teka Teki 2 ::
Surah apakah yang setiap ayatnya mengandungi kalimah ALLAH?
;)
:: Jawapan 1 ::
Thursday, January 22, 2009
:: Cuba teka ::
Siapakah golongan manusia, yang apabila di syurga kelak, mereka sangat teringin untuk kembali ke dunia? Jawab, jangan tak jawab! Dalam hati pun takpe. Nanti bila dapat jawapan, nilailah sendiri. :)
Jawapan akan disiarkan dalam entri akan datang. Insha ALLAH.
:: Theories ::
Today’s lecture is regarding the structural functionalism and conflict theory, concerning on each division’s view towards the society. How I wish I can express the remarkably-enjoyable moment I’ve spent for today’s lecture! I can hardly tell it verbally.
For a while, I sort of possessing the notion that how unfortunate we are to be given the chance to study a certain subject in just 3months ++, and together with other 5-6 subjects. The time constrain often forces us to learn unenthusiastically. At the same time, the intention will not be for the sake of the knowledge itself, instead to catch up with the syllabus as well as to translate understandings into words, rather than into actions. We don’t have enough time to delve deeper into what we are studying. In short, I might say that some students are theoretically excellent yet practically blind. Anyhow, what to do… Learning simply a subject for the whole semester promises you to stay much much longer in the university, and that’s what I’m afraid of!
Off with that thinking.
Now let me clarify the definition of the theories first.
Structural functionalism: A framework for building theory that envisions society as a complex system whose part works together to promote solidarity and stability, as well as equilibrium (balance). It views the society horizontally.
Conflict theory: A framework for building theory that envisions society as an arena that generates conflict and change, as well as fight. It views the society vertically.
In a simpler explanation,
* Structural functionalism views the society as a very good and nice society.
* Conflict theory views the society as an inequality and often struggle.
Definitely the discussion on this topic is longer and more complex. That’s why I will just provide two issues as examples, in order to show how these two theories work differently.
1st Issue: We treat the doctors and garbage collectors obviously in a totally different manner, as well as they were given highly different remunerations (salary) although their jobs are almost similar; dealing with sickening and nauseating stuffs.
Structural functionalists will say: “This is what we call functional. [Means there’s no problem at all]. It takes enormously uphill struggle for a person who intends to be a doctor. He sacrifices 5 to 6 years studying [sometimes longer], without being paid, learning the difficult subjects, and finally serves the nation. That’s why the society should reward and acknowledge him. On the other hand, garbage collector is a person who can be trained merely within a week. He didn’t sacrifice as much as the doctor.”
Conflict theorists will say: “This is not okay! Garbage collector also serves the nation very much. You see, even the Prime Minister cannot live properly without him.” J
2nd issue: Crime
Structural functionalists will say: “Hmmm, crime might be bad, but it is also functional. Without crime, there will be no police, court, prisons and so on so forth”. Thus, crime is okay. J [Since it seems like contributing in maintaining the society institution.]
Whereas, the conflict theorists will say: “Crimes always happen because the upper class takes too much from the lower class, making them feel oppressed and are forced to commit crimes such as stealing and killing.”
It is clear that in structural functionalism, every action [in the society] is okay, nice and attached with no problem at all. [Note: they don’t like to talk about changes] On the other hand, in conflict theory, most actions are likely to motivate fights and struggles.
So what do you think, which one is correct and which one is wrong?
Or, maybe you think both are wrong…? Well, you are free to make judgments.
Extra notes:
Some of the structural functionalists are Emile Durkheim, August Comte, and Robert K. Merton.
Some of the conflict theorists are Karl Marx and Max Weber.
Monday, January 19, 2009
:: Bagaimana caranya? ::
Pertama: Tenang & tidak tergopoh-gapah dalam meyampaikan hadith.
Daripada 'Aisyah RA, katanya: "Sesungguhnya Rasulullah (selawat dan salam ke atas Baginda) menyebut/ menyampaikan hadith [dengan cara] jika dikira oleh seorang pengira, maka pastilah ia mampu mengira [setiap apa yang dikira itu]
Hadith ini menerangkan kepada kita bahawa Rasulullah (selawat dan salam ke atas Baginda) menyampaikan kata-katanya dengan keadaan tenang, perlahan-perlahan, satu demi satu, sehingga para sahabat mampu 'menangkap' setiap perkataannya.
Kedua: Mengulang-ulang hadith sehingga 3kali.
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَتَدْرُونَ مَا الْمُفْلِسُ؟ قالوا المفلس فينا، إلخ
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَلَسَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ وَجَلَسْنَا حَوْلَهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي مِمَّا أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي مَا يُفْتَحُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ زَهْرَةِ الدُّنْيَا وَزِينَتِهَا
:: 3 syarat ::
Terdapat 3 syarat utama untuk menjadikan sesuatu madah atau subjek itu mudah untuk dipelihara juga dihafaz, iaitu;
Pertama, subjek yang penting (maadah muhimmah).
Kedua, guru yang hebat (ustadzun jayyidun).
Ketiga, pelajar yang pintar (tullaab azkiyaa').
Mengapa perlu subjek yang penting? Fitrah manusia, sesuatu yang penting akan diberi lebih perhatian dan fokus. Sebagai contoh, seandainya kita diberi senarai soalan spot untuk peperiksaan, pastilah soalan-soalan itu yang akan diberi lebih perhatian. Begitu juga dengan sunnah. Para sahabat menyedari dan memahami bahawa sunnah Rasulullah merupakan satu perkara yang sangat penting dalam hidup manusia kerana ia adalah sumber agama. [Sayangnya manusia sekarang tidak menganggap sedemikian, malah meletakkan sunnah Baginda SAW di tempat yang ketiga selepas pendapat syeikh-syeikh mereka, atau boleh jadi di tempat keempat].
Berdasarkan 3 syarat di atas, dapat diaplikasikan bahawa:
Maadah muhimmah itu: Sunnah Rasulullah (selawat dan salam ke atas Baginda)
Ustadzun jayyidun itu: Rasulullah (selawat dan salam ke atas Baginda)
Tullaab azkiyaa' itu: Para sahabat R.A
Oleh kerana itulah sehingga hari ini sunnah itu tetap terjaga/mahfuz. Satu perkara yang penting untuk kita ketahui, jika ditanyakan, ALLAH ada memberi jaminan bahawa Alquran itu akan terpelihara untuk selama-lamanya;
إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا ٱلذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ
Sesungguhnya Kamilah yang menurunkan Al-Quran dan Kamilah yang memelihara dan menjaganya. (Alhijr: 9)
Maka, bagaimana pula dengan sunnah? Apakah jaminan dari ALLAH bahawa sunnah juga akan terpelihara? Adakah ayat alQuran yang menerangkan perkara ini?
Sememangnya tiada ayat alQuran yang menerangkannya [secara direct]. Namun, menurut ilmu mantiq, terdapat satu kaedah yang dapat membantu menerangkan masalah ini.
X: Alquran itu dijamin akan terpelihara abadan (selamanya)
Y: Sunnah itu bayaanun (yang menerangkan) untuk alQuran *
Z: Terpeliharanya mubayyan (yang diterangkan=alQuran) me'mesti'kan [dalam bahasa arab: yaqtadhi, tak pasti perkataan bahasa Melayu yang sesuai] terpeliharanya bayaanun (yang menerangkan)
Maka: Sunnah dijamin akan terpelihara abadan (selamanya) sepertimana alQuran.
* Firman ALLAH:
لَقَدْ مَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَى ٱلْمُؤمِنِينَ إِذْ بَعَثَ فِيهِمْ رَسُولاً مِّنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ يَتْلُواْ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِهِ وَيُزَكِّيهِمْ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ ٱلْكِتَابَ وَٱلْحِكْمَةَ وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبْلُ لَفِي ضَلالٍ مُّبِينٍ
Sesungguhnya Allah telah mengurniakan (rahmatNya) kepada orang-orang yang beriman, setelah Dia mengutuskan dalam kalangan mereka seorang Rasul dari bangsa mereka sendiri, yang membacakan kepada mereka ayat-ayat Allah (kandungan Al-Quran yang membuktikan keesaan Allah dan kekuasaanNya) dan membersihkan mereka (dari iktiqad yang sesat), serta mengajar mereka Kitab Allah (Al-Quran) dan Hikmah (pengetahuan yang mendalam mengenai hukum-hukum Syariat) dan sesungguhnya mereka sebelum (kedatangan Nabi Muhammad) itu adalah dalam kesesatan yang nyata. (Aali 'Imraan: 164)
Oleh itu, seandainya andai diterjah dengan soalan tentang apakah hujjah terpeliharanya sunnah, kaedah di atas mungkin boleh membantu anda untuk menjawab. Insha ALLAH.
Tetapi, akan timbul pula persoalan, benarkah sunnah itu terpelihara sedangkan terdapat banyak hadith-hadith maudhu' (palsu/direka) pada zaman ini?
Untuk menjawab, kita katakan bahawa wujudnya hadith maudhu' bukanlah tanda bahawa Sunnah itu tidak terpelihara. Sedangkan alQuran juga pernah dicuba-cuba untuk direka, sebagaimana yang dilakukan oleh Musailamah AlKazzaab. Pada setiap zaman, akan ada 'ulama yang mampu membezakan antara hadith sahih, hasan, dhaif dan juga maudhu'. Dan kemampuan untuk membezakan ini telah menyebabkan hadith sahih dan hasan tidak bercampur dengan hadith maudhu'. Inilah yang menandakan bahawa sunnah itu tetap terpelihara.
Wallahua'lam.
Maha Suci ALLAH yang memelihara alQuran & asSunnah sehingga hari ini dan untuk selama-lamanya.
Saturday, January 17, 2009
:: Tell me! ::
Apakah KFC masih termasuk dalam senarai yang perlu diboikot? Ada yang kata Johor Corp. dah beli. Ada yang kata walaupun dah dibeli, ia tetap ada menyumbang pada Israel & USA.
Mana yang benar???
:: A Letter ::
Hello Mami and Papi,
I don't know how else to approach you in order to explain my reasoning behind my life changing decision and have you listen and understand at the same time.
Since I can long remember I have not be a strong believer of Christianity, there was a lot that did not make sense to me, for example, why I have to beg for forgiveness to a priest? Why I have to pray to saints and not straight to God, why is Jesus the SON of God, why are their SOO many versions of the bible?
The religion became a fascination to me, and I truly wanted to know more. I purchased a few books in the UK and read some pamphlets on the religion. I did not make any decisions but I continued to read and become more familiar to Islam.
Islam began making sense to me, the idea that we pray only to Allah, that we ask Allah for help and for forgive us, how a book (the Quran) that was written thousands of years ago remains unchanged as of today (there are different translations but no different versions) . Also how a book that was written years ago managed to explain scientific situations that was only discovered by man kind only a couple of year ago. Or how the Quran has managed to explains how babies develop in the womb? How would anyone thousands of years ago know this and in such detail? Especially since scientist discovered the explanation of these situations less that 100 years ago?? How can we explain those wonders of the book?
Also how can I deny the holy book when it has been so clear in explaining advanced technology, how the day turns into the night, the creation of human beings by water (as we know scientifically to be known that we came from cells) layers of heaven (which we describe now in scientific terms as the atmospheric levels?). Furthermore, the beginning of the universe and the movement of tectonic plates (there are numerous other examples of the science behind the Quran).
What also has touched me is that Islam believes in ALL THE PROPHETS - JESUS MOSES DAVID ABRAHAM AND MOHAMMAD (pbuh) they all coexist in he Quran, the Quran also tells us that we must respect ALL religions. Mami and Papi, I can not explain how many times I have made my self clear to you of what I believed in, I could not have given myself away anymore! Every time I spoke hours and hours on end about Islam, and how I knew so much.
Also I began of interacting more with Muslim friends; I felt that they would be able to give me a clear explanation of Islam. Also Islam played a major part in self respect, and it helped my appreciate my self more, and realize that I should stay away from harmful situation such as drinking, smoking, going out with people that only meant trouble. I told you what my friends were like, they were heading the wrong direction, and I did not want to be in that direction and believing in Islam made it easier for me to walk away from the powers of shaytaan and do better.
Also Islam was and has been the reason for my success in school. I have placed my mind in my studies instead of going out all the time as my old friends did, and trust me you would not like me to be like them, because if I had been than you would have every single reason to think I was a bad person, that I was irresponsible and that I was a disgrace to the family.
After almost one year of studying Islam I had no doubt in my mind that it was not the right religion.
I was prepared to become a Sunni Muslim. In early June 2006 I attended the mosque in Westbury NY to ask further questions about Islam and after speaking to a sister and the imam of the mosque I knew that it was time to make the right decision. I did shahada around 2 weeks later which is the Islamic creed; it means to testify or to bear witness in Arabic, the declaration of the belief. I stated in front of 80- 100 Muslims "ash hadu anla ilaha illallah, wa ash hadu anla Mohammad roosul Allah" which translates to "I believe in one and only God and Mohammad is his messenger" It was such a beautiful experience.
I had been accepted into the Islam. I was welcomed by every single Muslim at the mosque with open arms, I felt too special, it felt so right, I knew I had made the best decision in my life, and it was something that was going to bring positive sides of me. It is so hard to explain the rush, and the emotional and faith satisfaction that I had at that moment, but I knew there was something wrong, that I was not able to celebrate my happiness with the people in my life that I loved the most, the meant to most to me, and that was you and papi. The moment was wonderful but not complete. I really wish you could have been as proud of me as I was for myself.
It hurt so much to think and feel that my biggest challenge would be to openly tell you about me and Islam, about me and my faith, about me and my happiness. I know that you both want the best for me, you want me to be happy and you want me to be responsible, and you want me to be independent and make the RIGHT decisions. I have done the right decision, and I made it all by myself, and I read about Islam all by myself, I discovered Islam in me all by myself, IT WAS ME who made every decision from the point were I began in the Islamic interest to the point where I am now.
I can't lie to you and tell you I had no influences because how else would I have been influenced by wanting to know more about Islam? Well from observing other people. How do we know as humans whether eating a chocolate cake taste good or not? We taste it, we try others to compare and then we make a final decision and if we like it we continue to eat if we don't then we disregard it.
Mami and Papi, I know I might seem weak sometimes in certain situations, and I know I display signs of vulnerability , but converting into Islam was decided by me, its hard and it hurts to think that all this studying, research of Islam and me converting has been credited to someone else, but at the end of the day the only one that knows the truth is God and it is to him that I will be standing in front of on the day of Judgment, and it is him that knows everything. It is stated in the Quran that all the prophets were messengers of God, they all came to spread the news and religion of God, but that they all came in their own time, and that Mohammad (pbuh) was the last messenger of God.
I know my word is hard to believe after the incidents these past two days, but there is nothing more that I can do to prove to both of you when it comes to the decisions that I made about Islam.
And most importantly I want you both to understand that it is virtually impossible to explain ALL of my reasoning behind my belief in Islam, this email is not even 1/100th of it all, I have spent hours and hours and hours speaking to others about my feeling towards Islam, and I wish and pray to Allah that one day I will be able to express everything I feel about Islam with both of you.
I still remain to be the daughter that you had almost 21 years ago, it has not changed the way I feel about you, you still are the most important people in my life, I love you both more than anything, I just have a different belief and its one which will bring you no shame, it will not physically hurt you, and I will not patronize our relationship.
I love you both very much and I only pray for the best,
Carolina Amirah DeFonseca
Friday, January 16, 2009
:: WB ::
1.He bought his first share at age 11 and he now regrets that he started too late! Things were very cheap that time Encourage your children to invest.
2.He bought a small farm at age 14 with savings from delivering newspapers. One could have bought many things with little savings. Encourage your children to start some kind of business.
3.He still lives in the same small 3-bedroom house in mid-town Omaha , that he bought after he got married 50 years ago. He says that he has everything he needs in that house. His house does not have a wall or a fence. Don't buy more than what you "really need" and encourage your children to do and think the same.
4.He drives his own car everywhere and does not have a driver or security people around him.
You are what you are.
5.He never travels by private jet, although he owns the world's largest private jet company.
Always think how you can accomplish things economically.
6.His company, Berkshire Hathaway, owns 63 companies. He writes only one letter each year to the CEOs of these companies, giving them goals for the year. He never holds meetings or calls them on a regular basis. Assign the right people to the right jobs.
7.He has given his CEO's only two rules:
Rule number 1: do not lose any of your share holder's money.
Rule number 2: Do not forget rule number 1.
Set goals and make sure people focus on them.
8.He does not socialize with the high society crowd. His past time after he gets home is to make himself some pop corn and watch Television. Don't try to show off, just be your self and do what you enjoy doing.
9.Warren Buffet does not carry a cell phone, nor has a computer on his desk.
His advice to young people:
"Stay away from credit cards (bank loans) and invest in yourself and Remember:
A.Money doesn't create man but it is the man who created money.
B.Live your life as simple as you are.
C.Don't do what others say, just listen them, but do what you feel good.
D.Don't go on brand name; just wear those things in which you feel comfortable.
E.Don't waste your money on unnecessary things; just spend on them who really in need rather.
F.After all it's your life then why give chance to others to rule our life."
:: A website ::
Click here to view.